Dear Group,

I am trying to analyze some data pertaining to early sport involvement of
Ironman triathletes.  Typically, triathletes come to the sport of triathlon
from other sports (usually running).  I am trying to examine the role that
other sports may have played in predisposing them to achievement in
triathlon through general cardiovascular adaptations to sports sharing
similar task demands (e.g., rowing).  To this end, I am trying to find a
classification system that categorizes sports by their physiological
demands but have not been able to find anything beyond general taxonomies
of sport, which categorize by rules and objectives of the activity.  If
anyone knows of any system or information that might be helpful I would
appreciate it.  Thanks in advance.

joe baker.

**************************************************************
Joe Baker
School of Physical and Health Education
Queen's University
Kingston, ON CANADA
Email: 9jrb@...
Phone: 613 533 6000 ext. 78207

               __o
             -\<,
          ( ) / ( )

**************************************************************

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Hello,
I'm an athlete and freelance science writer, and I'm working on an article
for the Master Skier (www.mskier.com) about the value of VO2 max testing
for masters athletes. By masters athletes, I mean athletes older than 30
vs. youngsters who are still developing.  The jist of my article is this:
how valuabe is VO2 max testing for older athletes? Is it worth the expense
and hassle, or are there other, better tests that would be more valuable?

I'm looking for someone to interview about this topic, and I'm in a bit of
a rush, as I just found out that this story is due in a few days (Oct 24).
As a regular reader of sportscience forum, I know there's a lot of
expertise here, and I was hoping someone here could help answer these
questions. (I've also listed some more specific questions below.) I'd also
welcome an open discussion of these issues if people are interested. If
you'd like to help, please contact me at <christie@...>.
Cheers,
Christie Aschwanden

--What exactly does a VO2 max test measure, and how does this relate to
athletic performance?

--What variables determine VO2 max?

--How variable is VO2 max in a given individual? Can training improve it?
Does fatigue lower it?

--There's the assumption that VO2 max can predict endurance athletic
performance. But is there evidence that this is the case? If I randomly
picked four Olympic marathoners or nordic skiers could I accurately rank
their results based solely on VO2 max?

--VO2 max declines with age,  can training delay this decline?

--What benefits can a master's athlete (someone 35 or older) gain by
getting a VO2 max test? Is such a test worthwhile for such an athlete, or
are there other tests (max heart rate, lactate threshhold?) that would be
more valuable for devising a training plan?

--Any other thoughts?


--
Christie Aschwanden
Freelance  Writer
Science, Health, Fitness and Outdoor Adventure
US fax 1-815-361-0420
email <christie@...>
http://www.nasw.org/users/christie

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Hello All!

I am a student in the Exercise Science program at The George Washington
University.  One of the assignments for my Administration of Sport and
Exercise Programs class is to pose a professional question to a listserv in
this field and to track the responses I receive.  Any and all answers to the
following question will be so used and are greatly appreciated.  Once my
project is complete, I will post a summary of all answers received and a copy
of my assignment.

There are many different methods with which one can test cardiovascular
fitness via VO2max.  Treadmill and bicycle ergometer tests can be effective,
but incur some costs for equipment and possible software applications to
analyze data.  Further, they require sufficient physical area to accommodate
the necessary equipment.  Step tests however take up less space and a
significantly lower financial investment.  Field tests such as the timed
1.0-mile walking test are simple and cost-effective, but may not always be
practical in situations where a level, indoor walking track is not readily
available.  Further, these tests generally assume a linear relationship
between workload and heart rate which may not be applicable to all
populations.



Question:
In your opinion, what is the best submaximal cardiovascular test
(Astrand-Rhyming bike or step test, YMCA bicycle test, Queen's College step
test protocol, etc.) for use in a commercial fitness setting, considering
accuracy/validity/reliability of testing protocol as well as the costs
incurred with testing procedures?

Your prompt response is greatly appreciated.   All answers will be used in
strict compliance with the requirements of an assignment for EXSC 138 and will
be posted to this listserv upon completion of assignment.

Betsy Schipani
Adjunct Instructor
The George Washington University Medical Center
School of Public Health and Health Services
Department of Prevention and Community Health
Exercise Science Programs
Exercise & Sports Activities
Telephone: 703-622-9963
e-mail: betsys@...

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The following positions were recently posted to HigherEdJobs.com.  To search
all 5,500 faculty and staff positions, go to http://www.HigherEdJobs.com.
We hope this is helpful!  Amy

California University of Pennsylvania
Sports Management
Application Due: Open Until Filled
Posted: 10/28/2002
Location: PA
Type: Full Time
http://www.higheredjobs.com/details.cfm?jobcode=175045425

California University of Pennsylvania
First Aid and Personal Safety/Asst. Athletic Trainer
Application Due: Open Until Filled
Posted: 10/28/2002
Location: PA
Type: Full Time
http://www.higheredjobs.com/details.cfm?jobcode=175045422

California State University, Fullerton
Assistant Professor, Athletic Training
Application Due: Open Until Filled
Posted: 10/17/2002
Location: CA
Type: Full Time
http://www.higheredjobs.com/details.cfm?jobcode=175044433

Colby-Sawyer College
Assistant Professor-Exercise & Sport Sciences
Application Due: Open Until Filled
Posted: 10/15/2002
Location: NH
Type: Full Time
http://www.higheredjobs.com/details.cfm?jobcode=175044046

Morehead State University
Assistant Professor of Health, P.E. & Sport Science
Application Due: 11/18/2002
Posted: 10/01/2002
Location: KY
Type: Full Time
http://www.higheredjobs.com/details.cfm?jobcode=175042423

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Hi,

As part of my PhD we are trying to develop a valid and reliable 40 km
stochastic bike protocol which could hopefully replicate the demands
of the cycle leg in an Olympic distance draft-legal triathlon.
To my knowledge, the only stochastic bike protocol which has been
tested for reliability is the 100km trial by Schabort et al (1998)
but are there any more? (Note that the protocol used by Palmer et
al,1997 and 1999 to investigate the influence of stochastic power
outputs in cycling was apparently never tested for reliability.)
The Schabort protocol consisted of a series of 1 km and 4
km 'sprints' and the trial to be completed "as fast as possible"
taking these sprints into consideration.

A further option would be to use a prescriptive model of target watts
and RPM for set intervals within the protocol.
Questions which then come to light would be:
1. should the wattage programmed as absolute or W/kg?
2. should it be athletes' specific based on criteria such as body
dimensions, Vo2 max, max sprint wattage or relative to threshold
power outputs (and hence decided from what testing protocol?), or
a 'one size fits all' protocol?

I would really appreciate hearing from anyone who has heard of
anything similar being attempted (successful or not!). Any input is
welcomed!
Thanks



Ailsa Springett
University of Stirling
ailsaspringett@...

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I'd like to evaluate the body composition of a paraplegic athlete.
My problem lies in the fact that I couldn't find any correction for
the density formulas from Siri or Brozek to account for the
differences in bone density and fluid repartitions in paraplegics.
Is there a valid and accurate method to evaluate with some precision
the body composition of these athletes? This specific athlete is a
female wheelchair sprinter ranked in the top five in the world. I
have access to bioelectric impedance analysis using a tetrapolar
technique and to hydrostatic weighing with closed-circuit helium
dilution for the estimation of residual lung volume.

Any help would be greatly appreciated!

Sincerely,

Jonathan Tremblay
Montreal, Quebec

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Please use the contact details at the end of this e-mail (ie. don't
reply to me personally),

SPORT AND EXERCISE BIOMECHANICS LECTURER
#SP0204

Waikato Institute of Technology is one of the largest Tertiary
Institutions in New Zealand and the Centre for Sport and Exercise
Science is a recognised major centre for the provision of sport science
education and research with a growing international reputation.  The
Centre serves as a core stakeholder in the New Zealand Academy of Sport
(North) and as such plays an important role in servicing the sport
science needs of elite and emerging-elite athletes in the Waikato-Bay of
Plenty region.

We are seeking a Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Lecturer for teaching,
consulting and research duties.  Ideally, you will have a PhD or
Master's degree in Biomechanics or Sport and Exercise Science with a
Biomechanics specialism.  A sound record of applied research and
experience in consulting with elite athletes is required, and experience
and an ability to teach Research Methods and Statistics would be a
definite advantage. Teaching duties will be dependent on qualifications
but will include courses in our Certificate, Diploma, Degree and
Postgraduate programmes.

If you have a desire to share your passion and knowledge with groups of
enthusiastic students and dedicated athletes, then we welcome your
application for this exciting role.

This is a permanent, full-time position.  Applications close Friday 29
November at 12 noon.

Please visit our website to obtain a job description, competency self
assessment and an application form at:    employment@...

The Human Resource Unit
Tel: 07 858 0205     Email:  employment@...
Address: Private Bag 3036, Hamilton 2020






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National Coaching and Training Centre
University of Limerick
Ireland

Position:  Technology Assistant

Duration:  12-18 months
Start date:  1 February 2003
Interview dates:   27-31 January 2002-11-07
Applications close: 5pm Friday 3 January 2003

Eligibility:  EU citizens or self obtained Irish work Permit
Holders (by starting date)

Salary: 	 approximately 1100 Euros per month.

Qualifications:  Graduates or work placement seekers in the following
				 * Biomedical Engineering or similar
				 * Biophysics or Medical Technology or
similar
				 * Electronic Engineering or similar
				 * Electronics and computing
experienced non qualified
				 * Other engineering qualifications may
be considered
		 Note: Sports Science or Physical Education graduates need
not apply unless the above qualifications also apply.

Experience: No formal experience is necessary however a strong desire to
work in the area of sports and specifically with Olympic athletes. The
applicant should be able to demonstrate that they are experienced in sports
themselves.

	 Applicants should be able to demonstrate a good level of
understanding and ability to apply themselves in one or more of the
following:

				 * Electronic design and manufacture
				 * Data Capture and processing
				 * Office and engineering software
applications

Information:

	 * The Centre Web Page: http://www.nctc.ul.ie/
	 * This position is responsible for the daily running of our
Human Performance Laboratory and Field testing equipment.
	 * This position is also responsible for the maintenance of the
staff PC's
	 * There will be a great opportunity to apply the above
experience on many of our current projects and the applicant will be
expected to work on their own human performance project.
	 * The applicant will have the opportunity to be supervised and
guided by an experienced Sports Technologist with over a decade of
experience in the area.











Danny Rutar
National Coaching and Training Centre
University of Limerick
Limerick
Ireland
Danny.Rutar@...
Phone: ++ 353 (0)61 202895

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Graduate Assistantships:  Ithaca College offers graduate assistantships
for students pursuing an MS in Exercise & Sport Sciences.  This one-year
program of study allows you to concentrate in either exercise
physiology, physical education, or sport psychology.  Assistantships are
awarded on a two semester basis, involve up to 15 hours per week of
duties, and carry with them a salary and scholarship for tuition waiver.
  Graduate assistant responsibilities are assigned in areas such as adult
fitness, coaching, laboratory teaching/research, etc. Contact Dr. Sforzo
at sforzo@...

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Exercise and Sport Science Search Committee

This message is an invitation to take part in a short but hopefully
important survey on the meaning of probability.

BACKGROUND

The assertions we make in research and in assessing patients or clients
always involve probability.  Examples: a 50% chance that a treatment has a
beneficial effect; a 3% chance that the athlete has got slower; a 99%
chance that there is no substantial change.  I want to describe these
probabilities with plain-language terms such as "possible", "very
unlikely", "almost certain", and so on, because I think such terms are
easier for people to understand than the numerical probabilities.  I also
think that the use of such terms will enhance publication and application
of our research.

I have my own ideas about what terms to assign to numerical probabilities
or chances, but I want to know what others think.  I couldn't find anything
on the Web, so I am resorting to this survey.

THE SURVEY

First, let's be clear about the meaning of "50% chance".  That's the chance
of getting a head when you toss a coin.  We can also refer to a 50% chance
as something happening 50 times in 100, or 1 time in 2, or a probability of
0.50.  Similarly a 60% chance means 60 times in 100, 6 times in 10, 3 times
in 5, or a probability of 0.60.  Certainty means chances of 100%,
probability of 1, or 100 times out of 100.  Impossibility means chances of
0%, probability of 0.00, and zero times out of 100.  Chances of 99.5% mean
995 times out of 1000, chances of 0.1% mean 1 time out of 1000, and so on.

Now, let's assume that we are all happy with use of the term "possible" to
describe a 50% chance of something happening or being true.  I presume most
of us also use the same term to describe something that has a 60% or a 40%
chance of being true.  (When it's 40%, we might use the term "possibly
not", but I'm not concerned about the distinction between possibly and
possibly not.)  What I want is your opinion about the value of chances when
"possible" becomes "probable" or "likely". To make sure you understand what
I am getting at, I am going to tell you that I think the value is about
75%.  That is, a 74% chance is still only possible, but a 76% chance is
probable or likely.  Similarly, I think that chances of about 25% is the
boundary between "possibly not" and "probably not".  What do you
think?  Please let me know by replying to this message and filling in these
and the other missing values below:

possible becomes probable or likely at chances of __%
possibly not becomes probably not or unlikely at chances of __%

probable or likely becomes very likely at chances of ___%
probably not or unlikely becomes very unlikely at chances of ___%

very likely becomes almost certain at chances of ___%
very unlikely becomes almost certainly not at chances of ___%.

In case your experience has an effect, please indicate your main occupation
by deleting all but one of the following: academic / athlete / practitioner
/ student

Also, have you done any statistical course or used statistics at tertiary
level?  yes / no

I have not sought institutional ethical approval for this research.  Your
reply may be published, but without your name or email address.

Please delete unnecessary parts of this message from your reply, to reduce
the volume I will have to download (currently via a modem).

Will

Will G Hopkins, PhD FACSM
Direct dial +64 9 917 9793, Fax +64 9 917 9960
Health Science
Auckland University of Technology
Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1020, New Zealand
will@...
Statistics: http://newstats.org
Sportscience: http://sportsci.org
---------------------------------
Be creative: break rules.

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Hi Will,
Whilst I agree that the numerical estimations of probability are somewhat
cumbersome in the natural flow(?) of research papers, I feel that the
value of the traditional method of reporting lies in the direct comparison
one can make concerning the strength of a finding both within and between
research studies.

The use of a plain language scale as suggested would need to address
how/whether different findings can be reported together with large
bandwidths of probability assigned to them. Perhaps the numerical
annotation should continue to be used in the Results and your suggested
scale within the Discussion section? Answers to your survey below.

cheers,
Chris
>
>possible becomes probable or likely at chances of
75
>%
>possibly not becomes probably not or unlikely at chances of
25
>%
>
>probable or likely becomes very likely at chances of
90
>%
>probably not or unlikely becomes very unlikely at chances of
10
>%
>
>very likely becomes almost certain at chances of
99
>%
>very unlikely becomes almost certainly not at chances of
1
>%.
>
>In case your experience has an effect, please indicate your main
>occupation
>by deleting all but one of the following: academic
>
>Also, have you done any statistical course or used statistics at tertiary
>level?  yes
>
>I have not sought institutional ethical approval for this research.  Your
>reply may be published, but without your name or email address.
>



Dr. Chris Button
Dept of PE, Sport and Leisure Studies,
University of Edinburgh,
St. Leonard's Land,
Holyrood Road,
Edinburgh.
EH8 8AQ
Tel:(44) 131 651 6135
Fax:(44) 131 651 6521

*******************************************************************
              Do you want to be a better golfer?
          Go to http://www.sportscoach-sci.com
   for the latest sport science and coaching information
********************************************************************

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Extrapolating from the paucity of replies received so far, I needn't have
worried about being overwhelmed.  I guess few of you have a clear idea or
any real concern about probability, or are you just fed up with email?

Some people have made interesting comments along with their responses in
the survey.  In his message to the list, Chris Button suggested that the
numerical probabilities need to be reported, for example in the Results
section, whereas the plain language interpretation would go in the
Discussion.  Yes, I agree.  The plain language could/should also go in the
Conclusion section of the Abstract.  We've just done that for a couple of
ACSM abstracts, and gee, what a difference it makes.  The findings become
crystal clear, regardless of the classical p value.

According to my own statement in the survey, I can't reveal the identity of
people who have replied to me directly, so here are some excerpts from the
responses so far, with my comments.


>I'm very unhappy with the idea of us using verbal descriptors instead of
>numbers because the meaning that people assign to the labels will vary,
>even among those of us who are statistically educated.  I can see a use for
>the labels when the numbers are also presented, particularly in speech but
>it is the number that conveys the information, not the label.

This comment is similar to Chris Button's.


>This one looks like fun.  First, I have to disagree that "possible" would
>mean some probability around 50%.  If "impossible" means 0.00%
>probability, then it seems to me that "possible" means anything greater
>than 0.00%.  Its "possible" that the sun will stop shining tomorrow, but
>let's hope that the probability isn't  anywhere near 50%.

I agree that "possible" can be used to mean anything that is not
impossible.  That is, any probability greater than zero and less than 1 can
be described as possible.  Unfortunately, it appears we don't have an
unambiguous plain-language word to describe the chances of getting a head
when we toss a coin (50%) that we wouldn't use to describe the chances of
getting a six when we toss a die (17%) or anything but a six (83%).  Still,
when I write something like "it is possible that you will get a head on a
single toss of a coin, but unlikely that you will get a six on a single
toss of a die, and very unlikely that you will get two sixes on a single
toss of two dice", I think most people get the idea.  (The chances of
getting two sizes is 1 in 36, or 2.8%.  Is it reasonable to describe such
chances as very unlikely?)


>Assuming your 75% value for the probable / possible boundary has face
>validity, i am unhappy with distinguishing between 74% and 76%.  The
>measurement cannot be that precise...  To hear something (really 76%)
>described
>as 'probable' and something else (really 74%) described as only 'possible'
>would lead me to assume a big difference between the two.  I would go for
>mid range and would assume probable to be  87% and possible 63%.

By all means think of the mid-range to get the idea, but there has to be a
boundary between the ranges.  If we are going to talk about a difference
between possible and probable, or probable and very likely, there has to be
threshold probability.  We have the same problem when we assign a grade of
A to a mark of say 80% and a grade of B to a mark of 79%.  We don't like
doing it, but we have to.


>One approach would be to quote the odds of something happening.  This will
>be familiar to those individuals who indulge/waste their money in gambling.
>Thus p = 0.5 is an even chance.   chance is the same as odds of 6:4; 40% is
>4:6, P = 0.05 = 19:1 against, P = 0.01 = 99:1 against, P = 0.001 = 999:1
>against.

I thought about it, but decided odds might confuse some people.  I've got
odds in the table in my Sportscience paper on this topic.

Will

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Masters / Ph.D. opportunity in exercise physiology / prescription

An opportunity exists for a suitably qualified graduate to undertake a
Masters degree (MPhil, 2 years full time) or Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D., 3
years full time) in the area of exercise physiology and prescription for
Peripheral Arterial Disease.  You will work with a collaborative group
incorporating the Vascular Unit at Royal Brisbane Hospital, the Department
of Surgery at The University of Queensland, and the School of Human
Movement Studies at Queensland University of Technology.  Applicants should
have completed an honours degree in science or applied science (e.g. Human
Movement Science, Biomedical Science) or equivalent, with a significant
'human physiology' component, and must be able to commence study by
February 2003.  Scholarship funding will be based on current APA rates
(~.$17,500 pa).  Please send a cover letter and comprehensive CV including
the names and contact details of two referees to:

Chris Askew
Department of Surgery
The University Of Queensland
Clinical Sciences Building
Royal Brisbane Hospital
Herston, QLD, 4029
Australia

Tel:  (+61 7) 3346 4741
Fax: (+61 7) 3365 5559
Email: c.askew@...

Applications close Monday 16th December 2002.

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As one of those who responded to Will off line I'd like to add a couple of
comments:

1 The legal system in the UK uses different burdens of proof: "beyond
reasonable doubt" in criminal cases and "on the balance of probabilities"
in civil cases.  Not being a lawyer  I don't know what these mean in
practice and I would be astonished if any juror or lawyer could put numbers
on them in any particular court case.  When converting statistical outputs
to verbal descriptors I personally would link them to P < 0.1% and P < 25%.

2 My earlier comment and Will's response were:

>>Assuming your 75% value for the probable / possible boundary has face
>>validity, i am unhappy with distinguishing between 74% and 76%.  The
>>measurement cannot be that precise...  To hear something (really 76%)
>>described
>>as 'probable' and something else (really 74%) described as only
'possible'
>>would lead me to assume a big difference between the two.  I would go for
>>mid range and would assume probable to be  87% and possible 63%.

>By all means think of the mid-range to get the idea, but there has to be a

>boundary between the ranges.  If we are going to talk about a difference
>between possible and probable, or probable and very likely, there has to
be
>threshold probability.  We have the same problem when we assign a grade of

>A to a mark of say 80% and a grade of B to a mark of 79%.  We don't like
>doing it, but we have to.

The problems of exam grade boundaries have recently been a live issue in
the UK.  I think we may need a concept of a just credible difference.  74%
and 76% are too close for me to be comfortable in distinguishing them
across a boundary.  Perhaps we need to describe 75%+/-2% (say) as
borderline probable / possible.


Regards

Andrew


Dr Andrew Pinder, PhD, MSc, Eur Erg, MErgS
Ergonomics Section
Health and Safety Laboratory, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
Email: Andrew.Pinder@...
Tel +44 114 289 2594; Fax +44 114 289 2526
HSL home page: http://www.hsl.gov.uk/
HSE home page: http://www.hse.gov.uk/hsehome.htm

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I've just learned that Exercise Physiology 5th ed by McArdle, Katch and
Katch has won one of the British Medical Association's prestigious prizes
for the best text books.  Prizes were awarded in many categories, but
what's astonishing is that MKK got it in the category of Medicine rather
than Basic and Clinical Science.  A lot of time, expertise, and money goes
into creating medical text books, because the competition is so fierce.

The prize is a nice bouquet for Frank Katch, who retired this year.  It's
also timely recognition for our field, which is now coming into its own in
the mainstream of health care.

MKK is not the only good text on exphys, of course.  I wonder to what
extent the high quality of the other texts influenced the awards committee
to choose what they considered to be the best of the bunch, partly to
recognize the discipline.

More at http://ovid.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/Content/LIB2002WinnersBookCompetition.

Will

Will G Hopkins, PhD FACSM
Direct dial +64 9 917 9793, Fax +64 9 917 9960
Health Science
Auckland University of Technology
Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1020, New Zealand
will@...
Statistics: http://newstats.org
Sportscience: http://sportsci.org
---------------------------------
Be creative: break rules.

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Title: Laboratory Supervisor for Graduate and Undergraduate Exercise Physiology
Laboratories
Department of Kinesiology
The University of Texas at Arlington:

  Qualifications: Master of Science in Exercise Physiology with two years of
laboratory experience in graded exercise and metabolic testing, as well as,
body composition assessment.

Required: M.S. in Physiology of Exercise, AED/CPR and ACSM Health/Fitness
Instructor Certification.

Commitment to: Excellence in teaching undergraduate courses and professional
service to the university and professional organizations.

Responsibilities: Teaching undergraduate lecture and laboratory courses and
supervision of new 10,000 sq ft undergraduate and graduate exercise physiology
laboratories.  This includes maintenance and repair of equipment, inventory and
purchase of equipment and supplies, and supervision and training of student
laboratory assistants, graduate assistants and practica students.  Assistance
of faculty with research projects and data collection is also expected.  This
position will also assist with student advising, ACSM workshops, and
supervision of student research projects.  A working knowledge of computer
software packages including spreadsheets, word processing, statistics and
graphics is required.

This eleven-month appointment will start August, 2003.  Salary range: starting
at $40K depending upon qualifications and experience.

Interested candidates should send vitae/resume and a copy of graduate and
undergraduate transcripts to Dr. Judy Wilson, Chair Search Committee,
University of Texas at Arlington, Dept. of Kinesiology, Box 19259, Arlington,
TX 76019, email: jrwilson@....  Deadline for application is January 15,
2003.  The department can be visited online at www.uta.edu/soe/kinesiology/.
The Department of Kinesiology is one of three departments in the newly formed
School of Education at The University of Texas at Arlington (enrollment 23,800
students) centrally located in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex.

UTA is an EQUAL OPPORTUNITY/AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER.

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MANAGER, SPORTS PERFORMANCE
   Tasmanian Institute of Sport (TIS)
   Launceston, Tasmania, AUSTRALIA

   Fixed Term, Full time (3 years)

   Professional Employees Award, Level 1

   POSITION OBJECTIVE:
   Manage  the  TIS  Sports Performance Unit providing specialised advice
on
   training and competition programs assigned to TIS athletes and
coaches.


   MAJOR DUTIES:
   1.     Develop, coordinate and oversee the provision of
national-standard
   sports performance services to enhance athlete performance.
   2.     Conduct planned laboratory and field tests of TIS athletes to
meet
   national and international testing standards.
   3.      Interpret  sports  performance  data  and provide feedback to
TIS
   athletes and their coaches to aid with the planning of training
programs.
   4.     Manage the Sports Performance Laboratory of the TIS, adhering
to
   national, laboratory standard accreditation requirements.
   5.     Supervise staff of the Sports Performance Unit.
   6.      Provide  advice  to  coaches  and athletes on sport
technological
   advances that have the potential to assist athlete performance.
   7.      Develop  and  provide continuing education programs for elite
and
   developing elite coaches and athletes.
   8.     Design and conduct applied research that will assist TIS
athletes
   and coaches to enhance elite athlete performance.

   LEVEL OF RESPONSIBILITY:
   Responsible  for the provision of specialised sports science services
for
   the  Tasmanian Institute of Sport. The position will require liaison
with
   other  TIS  staff  and coaches and supervision of Sports Performance
Unit
   staff.  The  occupant  will  be  required  to utilise initiative and
make
   independent  judgements within the framework of the TIS Strategic Plan
on
   matters  concerning  the  Sports  Performance  Unit.  As  a member of
the
   national  elite sports network, the officer will be expected to
represent
   the TIS in national sports science forums.


   DIRECTION / SUPERVISION RECEIVED:
   This  position will be under the general direction and supervision of
the
   Director, TIS.


   Knowledge and skill (selection criteria):
   1.  A thorough knowledge and understanding of sports physiology and
its
   application to high performance athletes.
   2.  Demonstrated ability to provide effective leadership to a
   multi-disciplinary team and the ability to successfully manage human
and
   physical resources.
   3.  Well developed negotiation and communication skills, and
demonstrated
   ability to relate to coaches, athletes and sporting organisations at
all
   levels.
   4.  A high level of self-motivation and initiative, including the
ability
   to work with minimal supervision.
   5.  Ability to conduct applied research and present results in
   appropriate sports science/research publications.


   Qualification and requirements:
   Qualifications:
   Essential Requirements:

   .   Satisfactory completion of an appropriate course of study at a
   recognised tertiary institution.

   Desirable Requirements:

   .   Relevant experience in sports science application as it relates to
   high performance sport.
   . Current Driver's Licence.


  FOR FURTHER DETAILS CONTACT
  ____________________________________
  Elizabeth Jack, Director
  Tasmanian Institute of Sport
  ejack@...
  PO Box 93, Prospect, TAS, 7250
  Phone: 03 6336 2286
  Mobile: 0419 553 598
  Fax: 03 6336 2211
  Web site: http://www.tis.tas.gov.au
  ____________________________________

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Thanks for the kind comments. It's nice to win first prize in competition
with about 60 medical texts in the category of medicine. I too am glad for
recognition for the discipline. Cheers. Fkatch

On 11/14/2002 10:47 AM, "Will Hopkins" <will@...> wrote:

> I've just learned that Exercise Physiology 5th ed by McArdle, Katch and
> Katch has won one of the British Medical Association's prestigious prizes
> for the best text books.  Prizes were awarded in many categories, but
> what's astonishing is that MKK got it in the category of Medicine rather
> than Basic and Clinical Science.  A lot of time, expertise, and money goes
> into creating medical text books, because the competition is so fierce.
>
> The prize is a nice bouquet for Frank Katch, who retired this year.  It's
> also timely recognition for our field, which is now coming into its own in
> the mainstream of health care.
>
> MKK is not the only good text on exphys, of course.  I wonder to what
> extent the high quality of the other texts influenced the awards committee
> to choose what they considered to be the best of the bunch, partly to
> recognize the discipline.
>
> More at http://ovid.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/Content/LIB2002WinnersBookCompetition.
>
> Will
>
> Will G Hopkins, PhD FACSM
> Direct dial +64 9 917 9793, Fax +64 9 917 9960
> Health Science
> Auckland University of Technology
> Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1020, New Zealand
> will@...
> Statistics: http://newstats.org
> Sportscience: http://sportsci.org
> ---------------------------------
> Be creative: break rules.
>
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> messages.
>
>

Frank I. Katch
Retired Professor of Exercise Science
Santa Barbara, CA

fkatch@...

http://connection.lww.com/go/mcardle
McArdle, Katch, Katch: Exercise Physiology, 5/e wins FIRST PRIZE in the
Medicine Category 2002 British Medical Association (BMA) Medical Book
Competition.



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On Nov 13 2002 I wrote:
>This message is an invitation to take part in a short but hopefully
>important survey on the meaning of probability...

Out of ~2000 or so subscribers to this list (and that doesn't count an
unknown number of non-subscribers who visit the Web archive), I got 13-14
usable replies and another 5 without answers to the survey
questions.  Sigh... I guess work is not life for 99% of you.

For what such a small unrepresentative sample is worth, here's a
summary.  The first number in the table (75) means that the median choice
for the chances at which something changes from being possible to likely
(or probable in my original question) is 75%.  The number below it (25)
means possibly not becomes unlikely at 25%.  And so on.

                          median  mean
-----------------------------------
possible-likely 75      71
not                     25      29

likely-very likely      90      89
not                     10      11

v. likely-alm. certain  95      96
not                     5       4
-----------------------------------

My own preferences (not included in the above stats) are for 75-25, 95-5
and 99-1.   Tossing two consecutive sixes in two throws of a die...  I call
that very unlikely, but I wouldn't say it was almost certain not to
occur.  The chances are 2.8%.  Three sixes in three throws?  Yes, that's
almost certain not to occur, in my view.  Chances of that are 0.5%.

I had a few interesting exchanges with respondents over the issue of a less
ambiguous word or phrase to replace "possible".  Marty Knight suggested "a
toss-up", which is spot on, but alas, too colloquial for journals.  I think
"may be" or "maybe" does the trick.  I already had "may (not) be" in the
table of my Sportscience article, and it's now in the spreadsheet that uses
a p value and the smallest clinically/practically important value of an
effect to calculate the probabilities that the effect is clinically
beneficial/trivial/harmful.

A few respondents remained concerned about the fact that 74.9% (say) means
possible, whereas 75.1% means probable.  It's a bit like p=0.049 means
statistically significant, whereas p=0.051 means statistically
non-significant, but there is an important difference.  P=0.05 is invoked
erroneously as a single pass-fail publish-or-perish threshold, whereas my
proposal for interpreting probabilities amounts to 6 thresholds, so there
isn't nearly so much harm done in calling something possible instead of
probable or whatever.  If you're still concerned about it, one solution is
to smear the boundary when the probability falls close to
it.  Examples:  "possibly-probably a beneficial effect", "unlikely to very
unlikely that whatever..."  Andrew Pinder seems to have been suggesting
something like that in his message to the list.

Someone insisted that "I don't believe its possible to represent
probability in words only... Use of words only, in a numerical data milieu,
is an amorphic lesson in futility."  Well, I think you need numbers AND
words.  We're supposed to express magnitudes of effects in plain language
(large, small, trivial...) in the Discussion or Conclusion sections.  I see
no reason why we shouldn't also have a plain-language approach to the
precision of the magnitude, through, for example, the use of plain-language
probabilities that the true value of the effect is beneficial, trivial, or
harmful.  When I explained this approach recently at a conference, a head
coach came up to me afterwards and said "this is something coaches can
understand" or words to that effect. OK, I know it's only anecdotal evidence...

Someone else was "more curious about the statistical meaning of the legal
terms 'on the balance of probabilities', and 'beyond reasonable
doubt'".  I'm curious too, but can't help.  Numerical probabilities need to
pervade the justice system and product/service warnings, in my view.

Anyway, thanks sincerely to those who replied.  Please keep the list alive
by replying to other people's requests, too.

Will

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Dear List members,

For a paper I'm searching for the reference of the original paper in which
Fick described his famous equation. I searched the web en many textbooks,
but i could not find the original manuscipt. Maby someone on this list has
the reference in his Endnote program and could email it to me.
Many thanks!
Tim Takken


--
Tim Takken, M.Sc.
Exercise Physiologist
Department of Pediatric Physical Therapy
Wilhelmina Children's Hospital
University Medical Center Utrecht
Room KB2.056.0
PO Box 85090, NL 3508 AB  Utrecht
The Netherlands
+31 30 2504030 (phone); +31 30 2505333 (fax)
email (office): t.takken@...
Http://www.kinderfysiotherapiewkz.nl


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I have been approached by an athlete to help him prepare for a 145
mile race, which is taking place next year, (the exact date escapes
me
at time of writing).

Toy (1992) highlights the incidence of hyponatremia in prolonged
exercise activity, and Clark, Tobin and Ellis (1992)suggest hydration
and feeding stratagies to overcome this.

There seems to be plenty of literature regarding the nutritional and
hydrational preparation of ultra endurance but little in the way of
conditioning programmes. The nearest papers to this have been Kreider
(1991) physiological considerations of ultra endurance performance.

If anyone has come across any case studies that they could recommend
then I would be extremely grateful.

With Regards

Gary Peters

References

Clark, N. Tobin, J. Ellis, C (1992) Feeding the ultra endurance
athlete: practical tips and a case study. Journal of the American
Dietetic Association. 1992 October 92 (10): 1256 - 62

Kreider, R.B (1991) Physiological considerations of ultra endurance
performance. International Journal of Sport Nutrition 1991 march 1
(1):3-27

Toy, BJ (1992) The incidence of hyponatremia in prolonged exercise
activity. Journal of Athletic Training. 1992 Summer 27(2) 116 - 8

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