Mid to late February gives the careful observer the first broad hints of the warm seasons approaching. Earth has swung along far enough on its winter path for the northern latitudes to gain back the tilt away from the sun it lost late last fall. The days have lengthened with daylight coming before 6:15 AM and the sun setting well after 5 PM. The sun is showing some strength when you stop to rest in a field of snow on a clear afternoon.
Those clear nights still chill down the snowpack making travel across it an easy task compared to the deep powdery snows of December. Late February through late March are typically the best times to enjoy a ski or snowshoe.
The hard pack allows you to traverse most terrain, while the snow re-crystallized makes the going easy. Now is the time to break away from the groomed trails and find some adventure and new views out beyond.
Don't worry much about getting lost. At Fourth of July, Skip Truscott has signs and maps posted well out beyond the grooming and if you venture further you can always back track yourselves.
A tour through the Twisted Klister circuit last weekend demonstrated to me that the backcountry and snowshoe use in these areas is on the upswing. Trails that typically have a track or two had been well traveled. Trails newly opened this year are being used to make circuits on this side of the ski and snowshoe area.
As I pulled up out of the parking lot on Monday, President's Day, there were as many cars parked at the Skywalker Access, than down in the parking lot. Those of us who have cleared roads and placed signs out beyond the old limits of the area are gratified to see this uptick in activity.
We only regret that the December run of snow piled up so quickly that we were unable to get the Twisted Klister warming hut completed as planned. We plan to build it this spring as a test and then take it back down. The practice should make it easier to construct as the ski and snowshoe season starts next year.
The March meeting is set for Tuesday March 3rd. As usual the meeting will begin at 7:00 PM at the Forest Service's Fernan Ranger Station. Park in the back parking lot and enter by the lower rear entrance. Our March meeting is the annual business meeting for the club. This year we will have the revised bylaws to place before the membership. The Board is working toward nonprofit status (501c(3)) designation by the IRS. In the process we discovered the bylaws were some ten years out of date. These have been revised to update them. They will be placed before the membership for approval of the changes. In addition it is time for election of officers.
After the business meeting the fun will begin. Awards will be made for those "Ya I Du Ski" kilometers covered. Please get your Ya I Du Ski sheets to Roberta Truscott on or before Saturday, February 28th. I hope she will accept a few late ones from the folks going to Beaver Lodge the weekend of February 28th and March 1st. The annual Liar's Contest will then get started. Here is your chance to share your wildest tale (truth optional) with your fellow skiers. The most accomplished liar will be recognized as the annual champion. Typically, Ole makes an appearance during the contest to share a joke or two and possibly a witty observation. I hope to see you at the next meeting sharing your best story of the season.
I'm heading over to CDA for the holiday weekend and am thinking about doing a mid-day ski on Monday, like from noon to 3 pm! (Take note Kay & Jackie! I'm giving you a heads up this time!!) Haven't secured any plans really.... just beginning to formulate ideas`
My cell #503-504-7487 if anyone wants to let me know if anything develops by the weekend (I'll be away from my computer after Sat morn)
I'll leave ya'll a message in the hut if I don't see you on the trails`
As of late January, we have seen several weeks of cold ice fog in the valleys and sunny days and cool nights in the mountains. The generous snowpack of December and early January has turned to cast iron, or so it seems by skiing the groomed routes. However, no condition of a snowpack is a bad condition.
The trick is to find the right activity to enjoy the snow. For example, I'm told the hard packed groomed surfaces on the Fourth of July Area, while a challenge to the traditional diagonal skiers, are a boon to the skate skiers. One club members informed me last week that now was the time to skate the groomed routes at the area.
The hard pack this early gives an opportunity to the snowshoers and back country skiers to fan out into less travelled country. There are new marked snowshoe trails to be explored up in the Twisted Klister Area. Signs have been posted to guide your way.
Most of these routes can be skied, even though they are not groomed.
For the more adventurous, the backcountry beyond the Eagle Run Junction is easily travelled right now. The ski to the top of Killarney Mountain or out to Rose Saddle is wide open and not that far beyond the junction.
If you planning to venture into the Elk Mountain Country beyond Rose Saddle or into the western side of Cedar Creek, you might consider a partner or two should trouble ensue.
There are beautiful views and of course, the stories written on the snow surface, such as tracks and other sign. If the week brings a dusting of a few inches of snow as forecast, conditions for the track skiers will improve, but conditions beyond the tracked areas will be all the better. Consider skiing out beyond the confines of the five mile loop and enjoy a whole additional Fourth of July experience with a friend.
January is not quite over before the club has its primary fundraiser of the year, the Best Hand Fun Ski on January 31st. As in past years, participants will ski the five mile inner loop, while those traveling by snowshoe traverse a section of Jeanette's Jaunt. Teams will be stationed along the routes to pass out cards.
The top winners will have their choice of the top three prizes, a night at Stoneridge, a ski boot bag and the ever popular fully catered dinner by a group of the clubs experienced epicureans. Several other prizes will be drawn after the top prizes are claimed by the best hands.
The entry donation is $7.00 for club members, $5 for youth skiers under 13, $10 for non-members and $25 for whole families. Check-in time is from 11 AM until 12:15 and the event begins at 12:30. After 1:00 PM no one will be allowed to start so that the event can end by 2:30 when prizes will be awarded. There will be food and hot drinks at the Panhandle Hut and an enjoyable ski out on the course.
Our February meeting will be Tuesday, February 3rd. at 7 PM at the USFS Fernan Ranger Station in Fernan Village. After a short business meeting, our program will cover tracks and other winter sign that was mentioned above. We all see them along the trail, especially the deep moose tracks. However, bobcat and coyote tracks are common along the trails, but how many of us can make this easy distinction? To assist us our February program will be wildlife specialist, Jenny Taylor of the WREN Corporation. Jenny will discuss animal tracks and other winter sign commonly seen along the trail. If you are not familiar with the stories written on the snowy canvas of winter, this is a good opportunity to learn and if this part of the winter landscape is already part of your experience, it is a chance to brush up your ability to read them.
From Van: the ski trail is open and large tree removed. They worked all day and flattened the trail but couldn't pack it due to the condition of the snow.
However it IS skiable, so Rock Soup should be a go.
What a sad little winter it has been so far...thanks for all your efforts. Nancy Mertz
--- On Thu, 1/8/09, Glenn Truscott <glenn.truscott@...> wrote:
From: Glenn Truscott <glenn.truscott@...> Subject: [panhandlenordic] Jan 1/09 4th-of-July Pass Grooming report To: panhandlenordic@yahoogroups.com Date: Thursday, January 8, 2009, 10:44 AM
Jan 1/09 4th-of-July Pass Grooming Report
Hi All;
The good news: The parking lot was nicely plowed in the morning and BIG the tree across Loose Moose has been removed.
The other news: It rained all day turning the snow to wet concrete, thus we could only pack to the "Y" and up Loose Moose. No tracks were/could be set on these trails. Tracks on the remainder of the trail system are covered with snow, however a couple of people have made their own, how far they went is unknown.
Next planned grooming: Monday, January 12th, 2009, after the weather, and thus the snow, cools and sets up some.
The good news: The parking lot was nicely plowed in the morning and BIG the tree across Loose Moose has been removed.
The other news: It rained all day turning the snow to wet concrete, thus we could only pack to the "Y" and up Loose Moose. No tracks were/could be set on these trails. Tracks on the remainder of the trail system are covered with snow, however a couple of people have made their own, how far they went is unknown.
Next planned grooming: Monday, January 12th, 2009, after the weather, and thus the snow, cools and sets up some.
REMINDER: You can email the whole group at panhandlenordic@yahoogroups.com if you have information to share -- especially about trail and parking conditions. Note: it must be sent from the same email address you received this with - or the email will get rejected by yahoo.
January 2009 President’s Message
One would hardly have thought a few short weeks ago that too much snow would cause the tardy opening of the Fourth of July Winter Sports Area. However, the too much snow card has been dealt to us by the always unpredictable Mother Nature.. About five inches came in the first coating of the area.
A few of us with “rock skis” afoot were able to get a little skiing in before the skies let loose with three feet of very cold, dry snow, followed by a procession of lesser storms. The Department of Transportation was unable to uncover the lot until last Friday, December 26th. The weekend followed with another approximate foot and a half of snow and a closed lot again.
These conditions have made it very difficult to get equipment into the area to groom the deep snow. Slow progress is being made as this is written, but it will remain to be seen if the snow gods will let us have a free ski day as scheduled for Saturday, January 3rd.
Skiing is available at Farragut State Park, but the snow has come so fast that their staff is packing it as best they can, but are not setting much track. I have skied 15 kilometers at Farragut this past week and only about one hundred yards have been on trail with a track set.
On the bright side, one needs to go no further than their front door to put on the skis for a trip. A recent news photo featured two of our members doing just such a ski around downtown Coeur d’Alene. I have actively skied the roads along Hayden Lake’s south shore, typically one step in front of the road grader. Much like last winter, these heavy snows give us the opportunity to ski and snowshoe places typically not available.
Of course, you need to have some energy left after shoveling all that snow from the walks, driveways, and roofs. This deluge of snow will end and we’ll have the area in shape for our typical winter activities, just a little later than I could have imagined a short three weeks ago, when I was wondering, when oh when, will it ever snow.
Our January meeting will be Tuesday, the sixth. The program promises to be excellent. Noted outdoor sportsman and writer for the Spokesman Review, Rich Landers will be presenting a talk on his last winter trip to Yellowstone Park. Some folks in the club have skied Yellowstone during the winter season, but I suspect not to the areas Rich visited and likely not with the quality of photographic documentation. Rich is an entertaining speaker. This is a chance to see backcountry skiing in a beautiful setting. If you have friends interested in skiing or the winter beauty of Yellowstone, you might want to suggest this talk to them. My intention is to keep the club business to the bare essential reports and trip organization in order to maximize the time for this program.
Christmas appears that it will be quite merry with the snow falling over the area. A great depth of snow is falling over the area as this is written, but some expectation should be tempered.
The snow is occurring during a period of very dry cold conditions. Hence the snow is great in depth, but short on moisture content.
As a result, this snow will not pack well, and setting a track will be problematic for Van and the groomers until the weather warms up.
Van plans to groom with the help of the Forest Service on Friday, December 19th. It will not be a easy matter to pack this dry snow and a track is likely out of the question. It is expected to warm up Christmas week and Van will make his traditional Monday grooming to have the area ready for those new Christmas skis .
Snow shoeing doesn't require grooming, but until the pack warms and settles. expect your snowshoes to go deep into the snow, and the going will be tough if you are the fortunate person breaking trail.
On another note, the January meeting will feature well known writer and respected outdoorsman, Rich Landers who will speak about his ski trip last year to Yellowstone Park. Those of you who have listened to Rich speak know he is as interesting as the great trips he is able to make. Invite, or at least tell, your friends about this program. It will be one of the best of the season.
Panhandle Nordic Club December 2008 President's Message:
When the clouds lift during these last days of November, snow can be seen adorning the tops of Mount Spokane, Rathdrum and Chilco Mountains and even Canfield Butte. The sight of snow gets my "blood up" for skiing along the mountain trails.
Hopefully, it will be but a short time before sufficient snow coats the trails at Fourth of July and the grooming equipment can make its rounds. The area is nearly ready for another season of winter use. Sure there will be last minute signs and ski racks to mount, but the prep work is nearing an end.
Many members contributed to the preparation during the earlier work sessions. However, Glen Truscott and Van Bennett this year, as every year, seem to contribute the most. A new porch on Ian's Eagle Hut, a cover structure at the benches, an expanded area for grooming equipment, and a new warming hut over on the Twisted Klister trail system round out the list of improvements they have had a large hand in completing this year. The club members, and all those using the Fourth of July Area during the winter months, owe them a debt of gratitude for their efforts to improve cross-county skiing and snowshoeing in the Panhandle.
Some trips are forming up for the Martin Luther King weekend:
Carol Ridge is leading a trip to the Lost Trail Pass area near the south end of Montana's Bitterroot Valley. This is a combined Nordic ski and Alpine ski trip. The opportunity is there for one or both at the Joseph Pass Nordic Ski Area and the Lost Trail Pass Area just across the road. Accommodations are planned for the Sula County Store Cabins at Sula, Montana.
Dwight McCain is leading a trip the same weekend to the Northwest's premier Nordic and Skate Ski Area, the Methow Valley at Winthrop, Washington. Call Dwight for details and potential accommodations for this trip. Both are excellent trips in excellent areas. As the snow begins to fall and we know where it will be , a few day trips should show up on the sign-up sheets at the December and January meetings.
Don't forget the annual Panhandle Nordic Ski and Snowshoe Club cookie exchange which is a large part of our December meeting! Cookies will be exchanged and a few may find their way into the annual basket we make up for the Idaho Department of Transportation crew who plow out the lot at Fourth of July. The plow crews really appreciate our annual thanks.
The December 2 program will feature a review some basics of the winter sports, the equipment, how to ski (classic and skate); how to snowshoe and how to dress for it. Three of our most experienced members will give short presentations on the equipment used and methods of skiing and snowshoe use. Our fourth member will give the key pointers on proper dress to keep you safe and comfortable during winter outings.
Our panel of Glen Truscott, Dwight McCain, Van Bennett and Carol Ridge have many years of experience with the equipment, techniques and dress for winter sports. They will be open for questions and answers during and after the program. The information should be a good introduction to those new to winter sports and a good review for those with more experience. They may have a novel tip or two for the veteran outdoor enthusiast in the crowd.
As a preview of coming programs -- Rich Landers, well known outdoor sports writer for the Spokesman Review, will present the January program on a ski trip to Yellowstone last winter. In February, we are working on as presentation by Fish & Game's watchable wildlife expert on reading tracks in the snow and winter wildlife viewing.
Welcome to the 2008-2009 ski and snowshoe season. The mountain maple and tamarack have taken on their yellow fall color. A deeper chill in the woods foreshadows the coming winter, while a few inches of snow have cloaked the high Bitterroot ridges. Ski swaps are underway with the Lookout Swap at the Kootenai County Fairgrounds, November 1st. All sure signs of the coming season.
A lot of work and new additions have been completed or are underway at the Fourth of July Ski and Snowshoe Area. On September 27th a crew of about thirty cleared and marked trails, completed warming hut maintenance, filled holes in the groomed trails, and hauled out old materials. Additions to the area have been completed are under construction. The Jeannette's Jaunt Snowshoe Trail has been completed up to the Peaceful View facilities, creating a lunch destination. A roofing system is under development for the benches on the Elderberry Trail, that will give everyone a new rest stop between Peaceful View and Ian's Eagle Hut. Two new snowshoe trails and a ski route have been added to the Reserve trail system. The ski trail offers a telemark opportunity. A new warming hut is planned for the Reserve Trail system at its hub. This warming hut will serve snowshoers and skiers using this more backcountry area. All of these additions and grooming of the Skywalker(614) and Eagle Run (1575) will increase the ski and snowshoe opportunities for all users. New maps and an updated brochure will be available by the time the snow flies.
As the ski, and especially the snowshoe, opportunities have expanded at Fourth of July, many of the trails have been designated with road numbers. Unless you studied the Forest Service Road Map, it was confusing to many, where the 905 Loop was. The club membership named many of these routes last year, with the Road 905 becoming, Twisted Klister. The new maps of the area will carry the trail names and these will be signed out on the ground. The new ski and snowshoe trails will have a similar member participation naming process this year.
The November meeting will be an opportunity to meet up with friends on the eve of the winter season. Some winter ski trips are already planned, while others will take shape at the November meeting. Park N Ski stickers will be available for purchase. After a short business meeting, the program will feature Don Garringer of the U.S. Forest Service. Don will talk about the Coeur d'Alene River Ranger District's Forest Access Plan, which covers the Fourth of July Area. Don will explain how the plan covers summer, but not winter travel by motorized vehicles and the current status of the Park N Ski Area and motorized use.
I look forward to seeing you during at the November meeting.
Weekend of Nov 1 -- Kootenai County Fairgrounds and Fitness Fanatics ski swap weekend.
November 11 -- First meeting at US Forest Service Building, Fernan Ranger Station in the basement around back at 7pm. At this meeting volunteers are needed for Free Ski Day, Best Hand Fun Ski, and Rock Soup. Board meets at 6 pm, same place.
December 2 -- Second meeting with cookie exchange and program, Fernan Ranger Station 7 pm; Final arrangements for Free Ski Day. Board meets at 6 pm.
Jan 3 Free Ski Day -- 4th of July Recreation area; Nordic Club provides volunteers and cross country ski instruction.
Jan 6 -- Third meeting. Fernan Ranger Station, 7 pm. Final preparations for Rock Soup and Best Hand Fun Ski. Board meets at 6 pm.
Jan 10 -- Rock Soup at 4th of July Ski Area.
Jan 31 -- Best Hand Fun Ski, 4th of July Ski Area.
Feb 3 -- Fourth meeting at Fernan Ranger Station at 7 pm. Board meets at 6 pm.
Feb 8 -- Langlauf Ski Race at Mt. Spokane Ski Area, NE of Spokane.
Mar 3 -- Fifth meeting at Fernan Ranger Station at 7 pm. Liar's contest and awards. Board meets at 6 pm.
Apr 7 -- Sixth meeting at Fernan Ranger Station at 7 pm. Summer Planning for hiking, biking, canoeing.
Subject: Re: [panhandlenordic] Hike Monday April 28
I wish I could have done this hike---are you interested in doing it again---next week maybe--let me know--or do you know som,e other interesting place--- On Apr 27, 2008, at 5:09 PM, <ski@...> wrote:
This is last minute. But is an invitation to join me on a hike Monday, April 28.
Meet 10AM Near Jack In The Box by old Albertson's on Ironwood. Car pooling suggested due to limited parking.
Hike will be on BLM land on the between Wolf Lodge Bay and Blue Creek Bay.
Driving distance probably 15 miles or less - one way.
Hike will be mostly on trail with short distances off trail.
Leisurely pace. Some small hills, but generally easy walking.
Hiking Distance approx 3 miles. Can be made shorter or a little longer.
Hiking boots (not sneakers).
Rain possible in afternoon, plan for it, but hopefully we'll be done by then.
Hilma Volk 667-3779 home - for messages 660-9712 cel
I wish I could have done this hike---are you interested in doing it
again---next week maybe--let me know--or do you know som,e other
interesting place---
On Apr 27, 2008, at 5:09 PM, <ski@...> wrote:
> This is last minute. But is an invitation to join me on a hike
> Monday, April 28.
>
> Meet 10AM Near Jack In The Box by old Albertson's on Ironwood.
> Car pooling suggested due to limited parking.
>
> Hike will be on BLM land on the between Wolf Lodge Bay and Blue Creek
> Bay.
>
> Driving distance probably 15 miles or less - one way.
>
> Hike will be mostly on trail with short distances off trail.
>
> Leisurely pace. Some small hills, but generally easy walking.
>
> Hiking Distance approx 3 miles. Can be made shorter or a little
> longer.
>
> Hiking boots (not sneakers).
>
> Rain possible in afternoon, plan for it, but hopefully we'll be done
> by then.
>
> Hilma Volk
> 667-3779 home - for messages
> 660-9712 cel
>
> I won't be home Sunday night.
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
Reminder. April 1, is the planning meeting for the spring - summer trips (see below).
April President’s Message
Winter is hanging on tough this spring. Last weekend (March 22nd), I skied through 16 inches of powder snow up Road #614. The day length speaks of late March and April, but winter has not received the message. For those of you wishing to stretch your legs and stay in shape, I’d guess there will be skiable snow on the 4th of July Area for another 2-3 weeks, while the high slopes of the Bitterroots and Selkirks will hold snow well into May and probably June, barring a quick melt.
We enjoyed two great day trips during March. A second trip to Frater Lake in NE Washington had several participants. Five inches of fresh snow greeted us and the Forest Service had just completed grooming as we arrived. A warm sun made the ski and lunch at the cabin enjoyable. Sixteen people participated in the ski to Settler’s Grove up the West Fork of Eagle Creek. Twelve people made the round trip ski into and out of the Grove. We do this trip every other year to enjoy the spectacular trees at the grove locked into the cold deep winter snow.
The spring that is shaping up as late will have an impact on our summer schedule. Unless we plan a May snowshoe or ski, the late snow will keep us down at the lower elevations a bit longer than usual. High water may also affect us somewhat. Such worries should be behind us by mid-June or early July. The mountains should be lush this summer and the huckleberry crop has the potential to be more robust than in recent years.
We will be planning our summer hiking, biking, and canoeing schedule at the April 1 meeting. The meeting will be at 7 pm at the Fernan USFS station. Park in the back lot and walk down to the meeting room in the basement. Bring your nomination(s) for hikes, bikes or canoe trips that you would like to have considered. If you can supply maps and/or pictures, it helps others understand the trip better. If you want to lead a trip, that counts in the trip’s favor.
We generally do day trips every other week from late April into September. However, some of us do overnight backpacks and canoe trips other times during the summer. Some trips will have separate sign up lists, so please bring those ideas and be prepared to put together another summer of club-sponsored trips.
Note to Fourth of July users. For your safety and the well-being of the moose Please Read:
Take Care of the Moose
The prolonged winter and this year’s deep snow pack at Fourth of July has created a situation with our resident moose that can be very dangerous. The groomed trails are the only hard surface that will support the moose’s weight. Hence travel on the groomed trails is much easier and energy saving for the moose, than travel out in the surrounding forest. As the winter prolongs, the moose are becoming ever more stressed and less inclined to yield right of way to human users. In the last week no less than three moose encounters that could have resulted in injury have occurred. Make no mistake about it, moose are very large animals fully capable of seriously injuring people, if they feel threatened or take a mind to do so.
We strongly recommend that those using the Fourth of July core area, where trails are groomed, be very vigilant of moose along the trails. Should you encounter a moose, give it plenty of room and do not attempt to herd it off the trails. The result could be a charging moose that you will not be able to outrun. If you receive any body language that includes the moose pinning back its ears and hunching up its shoulders, it is telling you to back off now. We recommend that you do so immediately and ski another part of the area until the moose moves on of its own accord. The moose live year around at Fourth of July and we simply visit it. Under most circumstances they are remarkably understanding hosts. Given the current deep pack conditions, this is not a time when they are understanding. So let’s give them a break until conditions ameliorate. Thanks
January is supposed to be the month of looking back and looking forward, but March more fits this bill for the Nordic Club. We look back on a winter season blessed with ample snow and great ski conditions. Fourth of July and Mount Spokane afford great skiing almost every year, but this year Farragut, the Trail of the Coeur d’Alenes, local golf courses and even the road out front of my house have held consistent snow for skiing. There have been some great overnight trips to the Methow Valley and Rossland and several day trips to Priest Lake, Frater Lake, with one more coming to Settlers Grove. We enjoyed each other’s company at the Rock Soup ski and dealt the cards at the Best Hand.
The use of the Fourth of July area this year has increased. The area has been well signed and well maintained, even though much of the winter went by with one groomer either lame or out of service. Snowshoe use has increased again this year. The two new bridges encouraged the use of the lower snowshoe trail, while use of the 905 and 614 systems was heavy as well. One can tell from the tracks that users are traveling farther out these systems than in years past, possibly because map boards are out there to show them the way.
With the current snow pack we can expect to ski and snowshoe on through March and possibly into April. But in March we start to look forward to the spring, summer and fall seasons of hiking, biking and canoeing. The April meeting to plan this schedule is a little over a month away. So it is not too early to be looking forward and thinking of trips that you would like to take or even lead this summer. Be ready to bring these forward at the April planning meeting.
We can report a little progress on replacing our old groomer. The club received a grant donation of $200 from Tri-states Outfitters. These funds were put away in our savings account specifically designated to help us match a State Parks & Recreation grant to garner the funds to replace the groomer. We are aware of the keen competition for these funds, so offer our thanks to Tri-states Outfitters for this grant.
The March meeting will be held Tuesday, March 4th at 7:00 PM. at the Forest Service Office in Fernan. Park in the rear parking lot and come down the steps to the meeting room. The March meeting is our traditional awards and Liar’s Club meeting. Those tallying their “Ya I Du Ski or Snowshoe” kilometers should get your sheets to our official score keeper Roberta Truscott by Saturday, March 1st. The March meeting will include the election of officers. The club badly needs somebody to step up and cover the secretary duties. Certificates and awards will be made at the March 4th meeting. After the awards and other business are transacted, our band of storytellers will take the stage. There is no telling what we might hear masquerading as the truth. However, I have heard rumor of a story concerning an inglorious “face plant” and a couple involving close encounters with moose. Who knows that old Norseman, Ole, may show up to spin another yarn and tell a few Norse jokes? Hope to see you at the March meeting.
Goeff Harvey
------------------------------------------------
Note: List of Prizes and their Donors to the Best Hand Fun Ski have been added to the website. Find it in the March News below the President's Message.
5 New maps and descriptions for other ski area opportunities have been added to the Maps and other Information Section.