What should the referee do and how is play restarted, if...

1.  A female player on the blue team, inside her own penalty area, crosses her arms across her chest to protect herself while she is part of a defensive wall defending against a free kick by the red team. The ball is then kicked directly into the blue team's defensive wall and strikes the crossed arms and hand of the red team player?
 
2.  A female player on the blue team, outside her own penalty area, crosses her arms across her chest and carefully positions herself to control the ball which has been kicked very high in the air by a red team player, and the ball strikes the blue player's crossed arms and hand?
 
3.  The ball is kicked by a blue team player and accidentally makes contact with a red team player's hand and falls at her feet where she immediately takes advantage of the situation and shoots the ball directly into the blue team's goal?
 
4.  During a throw-in for the red team, a red team player picks up the ball outside the field of play and a teammate of the red team player, inside the field of play, says, "Let me take it." So the red team player outside the field, using one hand, makes a short underhand toss to her teammate inside the field who catches the ball with her hands?

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